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Hair is made of protein called ‘Keratin’. Hair has 2 parts, hair shaft (which is visible on the scalp) & root (which is underneath the scalp) which is responsible for the growth of hair. The hair follicle bulb manufactures cells continuously. As new cells are formed the older ones are pushed into the follicle towards the surface. The cells on reaching a particular point undergo cell death and are converted into a scleroprotein called keratin, which is then compacted to form the hair. This continuous activity is responsible for the hair growth.

HAIR CYCLE

  • Anagen( growth phase) - 3-10 yrs
  • Catagen(involution phase) - 2-3 weeks
  • Telogen(resting phase) – 3-4 months
  • Exogen – weeks to months.
  • During anagen the follicle actively grows hair.
  • During catagen the follicle is almost entirely degraded.
  • During telogen the follicle rests prior to re-initiation of an anagen phase and the growth of a new hair shaft.

On any given day, human beings lose about 50-100 scalp hairs due to exogen, these are the hairs we find in our comb, brush and shower drain. Shedding in excess of this may be due to an increase in the follicles of scalp hair in the telogen stage and should be addressed to contain hair loss. At any given time, approximately 90% of our scalp hair are in the growing phase and about 10% in the resting phase, if the scalp is healthy and not affected by any condition that causes hair loss.

CAUSES OF HAIR LOSS

Many MYTHS abound regarding hair loss; hair loss is NOT caused by frequent shampooing, the wearing of hats or helmets, or the presence of mites. A minor factor in hair loss is stress, which is thought to accelerate already genetically programmed hair loss.

With no damage to underlying skin (also called as Non Cicatricial Alopecia)

  • Alopecia areata or patchy loss of hair
  • Telogen effluvium or diffuse hair loss
  • Infections: Bacterial, viral or fungal
  • Intake of medicines /chemicals e.g Anticancer drugs, high doses of vitamin-A
  • Self induced physical trauma (also called as Trichotillomania) - seen in depression
  • Compulsive scratching of scalp
  • Hormonal disturbances - Thyroid disorders, diabetes, menstrual disturbances etc.
  • Physical agents- Overuse of parlour procedures- Straightening, Blow drying
  • Radiotherapy
  • Tight pulling of hair as in tight buns or knots

With damage to underlying skin (also known as Cicatricial Alopecia)

  • Androgenetic alopecia or common pattern baldness
  • Physical Trauma e.g burns or x-ray overdose (normally seen).
  • Some infectious diseases like TB, leprosy, viral diseases like herpes, etc.
  • Chemical injury like acid burns
  • Skin diseases like DLE, lichen planus , skin cancers, etc.
  • Miscellaneous causes
  • Unsual genetic disorders

Medicines causing hair loss (on long term use):

  • Cholesterol-lowering drug: clofibrate and gemfibrozil
  • Parkinson Medications: levodopa
  • Ulcer drugs: cimetidine, ranitidine and famotidine
  • Anticoagulents: Coumarin and Heparin
  • Agents for gout: Allopurinol
  • Antiarthritics: penicillamine, indomethacin, naproxen, sulindac, and methotrexate
  • Drugs derived from vitamin-A: isotretinoin and etretinate
  • Anticonvulsants for epilepsy: trimethadione
  • Antidepressants: tricyclics, amphetamines
  • Beta blocker drugs for high blood pressure: atenolol , metoprolol , propranolol etc.
  • Antithyroid agents: carbimazole, Iodine, thiocyanate, thiouracil
  • Others: Blood thinners, male hormones (anabolic steroids)

PATTERN HAIR LOSS

It is the most common type of hair loss affecting men and women, characterized by a process of progressive hair miniaturization whereby large, pigmented terminal hairs are replaced by fine, colourless vellus hairs. Genetic predisposition and androgens play a key role in the process of miniaturization, hence both male pattern hair loss (MPHL) and female pattern hair loss (FPHL) are collectively referred to as Androgenetic Alopecia. The tendency for male and female pattern hair loss is genetically inherited from either side of the family, and begins to develop after puberty.Baldness becomes noticeable when 50% of the hair is lost.

NORWOOD CLASSIFICATION (Male Pattern Baldness)

LUDWIG’S CLASSIFICATION( Female Pattern Baldness)

Grade I: Thinning hair on the central scalp (top of the head).

Grade II: Thinning hair and patches of greater scalp hair loss.

Grade III: Male-pattern alopecia with hair loss at the front of the scalp to mid-scalp. However, it is very rare to see complete male-pattern "cue-ball" baldness in a woman.

HAIR LOSS AND DIET

Eating a balanced diet is essential for maintaining good hair health and also your overall body health. According to nutritionists, people who have nutritional deficiencies in their diet have dull and stringy hair and can at times even suffer from a temporary case of hair loss. Hair loss caused due to dietary deficiencies is usually temporary and different from the pattern hair loss which is progressive and permanent. Crash dieting is one of the major reasons for accelerated hair fall in females.

List of Foods to Add in your Diet

  • Steamed Sprouts – 3 times a week,
  • Green leafy vegetables – 3 times a week,
  • Green Beans – 3 times a week, like Gavar, Chawli, Wal, Papdi, French Beans, broad beans, Ghewda.
  • Raw Salads – Radish, Beet root, Carrot, Cucumber, Tomato, etc. cut and add salt, pepper, a dash of lime, no mayonnaise, no salad dressing, no sauce.
  • Dry beans like Rajma, black beans, yellow beans, kidney beans – twice a week. All types of dals – black dal, yellow dal – turn by turn – daily.
  • Paneer (Cottage Cheese), Chola (Chick peas), Soya, Tofu – each - once a week.
  • 4 – Walnuts / 4 – Almonds on alternate days.
  • 1 – glass milk per day.
  • 1– tsf ghee per day or 1 – slice of cheese per day.
  • 4 Fresh Fruits per day – cut & eat, with the fruit skin – no juice.

List of Foods to Avoid

  • Mutton, Red meat, Fish Fry, Tandoor Chicken. Home made fish or chicken cooked without frying can be had once in ten days, eat two pieces – no gravy.
  • Coconut gravy, groundnuts or peanuts, excess potato, pasta & noodles.
  • Fried foods – wada, samosa, puri, papad, dosas, chips etc.
  • Sugar foods – chocolates, pastries, cakes, ice cream, sweets, desserts etc.
  • Bakery foods – biscuits, toasts, khari, puffs, patties, rolls, croissants, doughnuts, cup cakes etc.
  • Chinese foods – agino moto or Chinese salt is bad for hair.
  • Fast foods – Pizzas, Burgers, Canned foods.
  • Colas, Coke, Pepsi, soft drinks & all kinds of Juice.
  • Strictly no Smoking

EVALUATION OF HAIR LOSS

For an accurate treatment, it is very important that the causes and situations of hair loss should be evaluated very minutely. To begin with, it is imperative to assess the degree of hair loss correctly.

Step 1

  • History of hair loss in his/her family.
  • The frequency of hair loss.
  • Diet, level of stress, hormonal disturbances.

Step 2

  • Evaluation of hair loss with hair analysis device. It primarily assesses the density of hair, thickness of hair, grade of hair loss, ratio of Anagen-Telogen.
  • Assessment of hair loss also includes some tests like of Haemogram, Serum Iron Level, Thyroid and Prolactin levels but these tests vary from patient to patient.

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HAIR TREATMENTS

TESTIMONIALS

  • Mr. Ashutosh, 28 yrs.

    It was approximately 5 years back when I came to Bangalore and immediately after I felt hair loss. I met many trichologists, but found no improvement.

  • Mr. CSR Mohan, 53 yrs.

    I refer to the hair transplant done 10 months back. Presently the transplant seems to be very successful as the hair growth is normal. When the hair growth became normal, I felt better and relaxed .

  • Mr. John, 25 yrs

    I am taking this moment to thank Dr. Madhukumar M.G M.G, who performed multiple surgeries on my face and had also done hair transplantation procedure on me. I am completely satisfied with his treatment

  • Mr. Kapil, 31 yrs

    It has been a good experience in getting my hair transplantation done at your clinic. The results are good. The follow up from your side has been really good.

  • Dr. Madan, 35 yrs.

    I have undergone hair transplantation at by Dr. Madhukumar M.G M.G at Midas Cosmetic Surgery Clinic. The process was very smooth, and post procedure was uneventful.

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